根據進入汽車電流種類不同，充電樁可分為交流充電樁和直流充電樁兩種。直流充電樁是固定安裝在電動汽車外、與交流電網連接，為電動汽車動力電池提供大功率直流電源的供電裝置。直流充電樁的電氣結構及工作原理是什么呢？接下來就讓我們云南充電樁廠家師傅為大家解答一下吧！

直(zhi)流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁的輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓采(cai)用三(san)相四(si)線380VAC（±15%），頻率50Hz，輸出可調(diao)的直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)，直(zhi)接為電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)的動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)。直流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)三相四線制供(gong)電(dian)，可以提供(gong)足夠大的功(gong)率，輸(shu)出的電(dian)壓和(he)(he)電(dian)流(liu)調(diao)整范(fan)圍大（適用(yong)(yong)于乘用(yong)(yong)車(che)(che)和(he)(he)大巴車(che)(che)的電(dian)壓需求），可以實現快充(chong)。直流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)與(yu)交流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)的計量(liang)和(he)(he)通信及擴展計費功(gong)能類似。

直流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁工(gong)(gong)作原(yuan)理(li)：三(san)(san)相 380V 交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)經過EMC等(deng)防雷濾波模塊后(hou)進入到三(san)(san)相四線制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)表中(zhong)，三(san)(san)相四線制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)表監控整個充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)工(gong)(gong)作時(shi)的實(shi)際(ji)(ji)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)。且根(gen)據實(shi)際(ji)(ji)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)及充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的大小(xiao)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)往往需要并聯使用，因此就要求充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)擁有能夠均流(liu)輸(shu)出的功能，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)輸(shu)出經過充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)槍直接給(gei)動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池進行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

在直流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)工(gong)作時，輔(fu)助電(dian)(dian)源給(gei)主控(kong)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)、顯(xian)示(shi)模(mo)塊(kuai)、保(bao)護控(kong)制(zhi)單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)、信號采(cai)集單(dan)(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)及刷(shua)卡模(mo)塊(kuai)等(deng)控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)進(jin)行供(gong)電(dian)(dian)。另外，在動力(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)過(guo)程中，輔(fu)助電(dian)(dian)源給(gei)BMS系(xi)統(tong)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)，由BMS系(xi)統(tong)實時監控(kong)動力(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的狀態(tai)。

直流充電樁典型電源(yuan)解決方案：

下(xia)面為(wei)比較典型的(de)(de)直(zhi)流充電(dian)(dian)樁的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)源解決方(fang)案，該方(fang)案只是簡單地畫出(chu)了(le)一(yi)臺(tai)(tai)充電(dian)(dian)機的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)。在實際應(ying)用(yong)中(zhong)，一(yi)臺(tai)(tai)充電(dian)(dian)機輸出(chu)的(de)(de)十(shi)幾千瓦的(de)(de)功率是不夠的(de)(de)，往往需要并聯3臺(tai)(tai)左右充電(dian)(dian)機，以(yi)滿(man)足大電(dian)(dian)流輸出(chu)的(de)(de)要求。

供電(dian)說明：

電(dian)源部分中，首(shou)先需考(kao)慮大電(dian)流充電(dian)情況下BMS的(de)輔助供電(dian)。在(zai)(zai)最(zui) 新(xin)的(de)國(guo)標(biao)中將此(ci)電(dian)源統(tong)一(yi)標(biao)定為(wei)12V10A的(de)電(dian)源，且后(hou)續(xu)在(zai)(zai)BMS管理方面，乘用車(che)與大巴車(che)的(de)BMS供電(dian)系統(tong)將統(tong)一(yi)標(biao)準。因此(ci)，此(ci)處推薦選擇具有(you)主動式PFC功(gong)能的(de)LI120-10B12輸出12V給BMS系統(tong)供電(dian)。

主控系統(tong)的電源部分(fen)，推薦LH40-10B24給(gei)HMI顯示屏以及繼電器供電。再通過K7812-500R3和(he)(he)(he)K7805-500R3轉換為12V和(he)(he)(he)5V分(fen)別(bie)給(gei)監控安防單(dan)元和(he)(he)(he)MCU供電。

在(zai)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)部分中，本(ben)方案(an)應用(yong)了(le)三種通(tong)(tong)信(xin)，CAN通(tong)(tong)信(xin)、485通(tong)(tong)信(xin)和232通(tong)(tong)信(xin)。CAN通(tong)(tong)信(xin)連接了(le)車(che)載BMS、非(fei)車(che)載充電機(ji)以及主控系統；485通(tong)(tong)信(xin)連接了(le)刷卡模塊、電表等；顯示屏的(de)串(chuan)口通(tong)(tong)常采(cai)用(yong)232的(de)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)方式(shi)。基于(yu)內(nei)部的(de)點對點通(tong)(tong)信(xin)，有時也可采(cai)用(yong)非(fei)隔離的(de)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)方式(shi)。